Manufacture of double walled vessels



Feb. 10,1948. R. w. TIBVBETTS 2,435,806

' MANUFACTURE OF DOUBLE WALLED VESSELS Ofiginal Filed Feb. 10, 1942 I n vcni'or Ra monliffibbel'l': J 1 131:

Patented Feb. 10, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENTYYQFFICE 2,435,806 mm amortize wca Q WALEE VESSELS Raymond W. Tiblict t's, Camden, Maine, assignor to Stator Corporation, Providencefi lti 1;, a cor: poration of Rhode Island oriammpiii eonma 10, .194 SerialNm 430,301. Divided and this,applieationiDeeeiii her 5, 1944, Serial No. 566 750 (c1. ca 36) 4 Claims; 7 1 This invention relates to the manufacture of double walled vessels; each comprising an inner container nested in anouter container with a" tainers' are formed and the uses to which the 'resulting vessel is to be put. Other objects are to provide apparatus for carrying out the method which is simple and economical to construct, which is durableand're'liable' in use and which uniformly produces a satisfactory product.

In one aspect the present invention involvesa' method of making a double walled vessel com-' prising an inner-container nested in an outer container with a cement'seal'between' opposed circumferential zones of the" two containers, characterizedby rotating the two containers in coaxial alignment-with the bottomof the inner container facing the mouth of the outer con-- tainer and,'while"' the containers are rotating,

depositingaring' of cement'on one of the afore-' said zonesand then telescoping the containers to gether until the ring. of cement contacts the other of the aforesaid zones; An-adherent'advantageiri the'contin'ued rotation of the con tainer after the ringof cement has. been ap-" plied and until the nesting step has been com pleted is'the assistance'thereby provided in holding the fluid cement in'positio'n; By the continued rotation: of the container, the fluid ce ment is'kept in auniformlydistributed' condi tion within the conflnespf the ring and is"thereby prevented from" flowing;- by gravity; to any' one-pointin the ringwh'ere an excess would col lect and overflow said'c'onfines; By applying a bead of beeswax orthe-likejust above the ring of cement; the-tendencyier the cement to squeeze out from between the'two'containers when they are tele'scoped together is'counteracted. The bead oi-"wax also-counteracts any tendency to'-' ward" displacement ofthe cementbeibre it has the-air -It al'sbN set due to cdiitractidh' or expansion of trapped between the two" containers.

2 s r v i servesto hold th two containers in proper position m relation to eacn'oth'er while the cE ment is setting The wax is soluble in water or can be melted by heat supplied by hot water or other in'eirpensive solve nt 's'o that itnia'y be readily remeved after the eme'nthas set. In ordefi to permit'the' air to now out from between the two containers while they are being telescoped" together without displacing the ring of cement,

the r ngm'ay be interrupted to afford a short" gap for the air'current or 'a'c ontinueu's ring may be applied-far enough inside the edge of-th' outer container so as not completely t6 bridge theanniilarfspacebetween the two containers after they are telescoped i together. After the containers have been telescoped together mega-p or space maybe-remny closed by vibrat'i'ng' the two containersth cause the cemehttb flow into" thegapor space. 'Byvibrating; the containers" while they are in inverted position the cement is also caused to settle in a compact ring against the aforesaid bead-ofwax. Whether or not the aforesaid bead er wax is applied, the crack be-'-- tween the two containers after they are tele scopedtog'ether is preferably sealed with a band ofwaxiniiriediately after they-are telescope'd to gether and before they are vibrated; If it is de-" sired to avoidthe use of't'hewax band astrip' of adhesive tape may be applied to the tumbler over the s aid-gap whil the glasses are rotating to seal the gap; to prevent the cement from escaping" and to-h'oldithe glasses-firmly in fixed relation ship while. they are being vibrated.

In" slimmer aspect the invention involves a'p-" parat'us cdmprisirig'opposed mandrels' for rotat-" mg the twocbritaiiiers in coaxial alignment with the bottom or the inner container facing the mouth of the outer containen'together with means for producing" relative movement of the" mandrels'toward each other while they are ro tating to telescope" the containers together.

Preferably one niandrel is shaped frictionally to efiga'gethe' inside'of' one co'ntainer and the other mandrel is shaped frictionally toengage over the outer surface of'th'eo'uter' container, so that the containers may bequic'kly' applied to the man: drels'a'ndi are self aligning when soapplied.

The apparatus may also comprise a spring clip fittli'fg bvel the edge Qfthe container to which ofcerhent isfirst applied, the ring being the r interrupted to' fo'rnfr the" aforesaid gap by r'ei moving the 'blip before the containers are tele scoped to ether. Oneofthe mandrels prefers: bly-ha'S""a ell-i5 'cdn'r'iecti'on'sd that the two can; tainers may rotate in unison afterthey are telescoped together notwithstanding any tendency for the apparatus to rotate one container faster than the other. Preferably the apparatus comprises means for applying the aforesaid ring of cement and the wax seal while the containers are still rotating on the mandrels.

For the purpose of illustration a typical embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings in which Figs. 1 and 2 are views in side elevation of the outer and inner containers before they are nested together;

Fig. 3 illustrates the step of forming a bead of wax or the like at the upper edge of the outer container;

Fig. 4 is a view in side elevation, with parts broken away, of the outer container provided with such a bead, a clip over the upper edge of the container, and insulating material held in position by said clip;

-Fig. 5 illustrates the step of applying a ring of cement or other adhesive to the inner face of the outer container, such container being supported in a rotatably mounted holder;

Fig. 6 is a view partly in section of the outer container in its holder after the step shown in Fig. 5 has been performed and the clip subsequently removed;

v Fig. 7 shows in cross section the two containers in nested relation, each container being supported by a rotatable holder and a band of wax being supplied to seal the crack between the containers;

Fig. 8 is a section on line 88 of Fig. 7, showing the wax applying device in the operative position;

, Fig. 9 shows the step of subjecting the nested containers in inverted position to a vertically set up vibratory movement whereby the cement is distributed uniformly and caused to settle in contact with both containers;

Fig. 10 is a viewin enlarged cross section illustrating the relation of the containers after the step shown in Fig. 9;

' Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 10 of the containers when joined by a strip of tape instead of by a wax band; and I Fig. 12 is a view in side elevation of a completed tumbler.

The tumbler or drinking glass [5 comprises an outer container I6 and an inner container I1. As shown in the drawings the wall of the outer container l5 has the tapered shape typical of a tumbler but the wall of the inner container is formed in three integral portions [8, l9 and 20 of different diameters and having substantially the same flare as the wall of the outer container. When the containers are nested the upper portion It forms a continuation of the wall of the outer container (see Figs. 10 and 11) and is hereinafter referred to as the lip of the tumbler. The intermediate portion I9 is spaced from the upper portion I8 by a shoulder 2| and has an outer diameter somewhat less than the inner diameter of the adjacent portion of the outer container. The lower portion 20 is separated from the intermediate portion l9 by a shoulder 22 and has a diameter still less than the diameter of the adjacent portion of the outer container so that it defines therewith an annular space 23. When the containers are nested to form the tumbler IS the shoulder 2| rests on the upper edge of the outer container and the, bottom walls of the containers are out of contact with each other.

Various steps are progressively performed in assembling the containers into a tumbler. The outer face of the portion 1 9 of the inner container l1 and the inner face of the outer container adjacent the mouth are preferably cleaned with either acid or alkali cleaning solutions or with water glass or with cement to pre- Thereillustrated in Figs. 3 to 9 inclusive.

First a bead of wax orother material of similar structure and consistency is formed on the upper edge of the outer container by suitable means, as for example the apparatus shown in Fig. 3. Such apparatus consists of a ring 25 supported on legs 26, the peripheries of the ring 25 being bounded by upstanding flanges 28 and 29 respectively, so that the upper surface of the ring forms an annular receptacle 30 adapted to hold a pool of melted beeswax or the like. The ring25 is of metal and is heated, as by a gas burner 3|, to keep the wax in the fluid state. The container is inverted over the central opening 21, with its upper edge in the receptacle 30 below the level of the wax, to coat the edge. The opening 21 prevents trapping of air so that the wax bath'is not agitated by escaping air as the edge of the container is dipped in the pool; and the heated air rising through the opening warms the container slightly so that it does not pick up an excess of wax as would be the case if it were cold or chilled.

After the container has been removed from the receptacle 30 and the wax bead 32 has set thereon, insulation 33 is slipped into the container. As shown in Fig. 4 such insulation may comprise a coil or bands offoil paper or the like, the upperend of which is covered by a'ring 34. If the ring'be of paper it may be treated with a cellulose acetate. A clip 35 is snapped over the outer edge of the container. The insulating coil or bands and the ring are of such dimension that the clip 35, bearing on the ring 34, holds the insulation'in position with the lower edge of the coil or bands against the bottom wall of the container. The clip 35 is of spring metal or plastic and is preferably so formed that it is looped away from the upper edge of the container, bears against the outer wall thereof below the bead 32 and terminates in an outwardly extending tab 36.

The outer container I6 is now inserted in a holder 40 which comprises a cup 4| mounted on a shaft 42. The holder is supported and rotated by means not shown. A band 43 of rubber or other resilient means holds the container properly centered in the holder. The arrow 44 indicates the direction of rotation of the holder and container. A line of cement or other adhesive is now applied on the inner face of the outer container. Any setting cement may be used but it should have the following characteristics: Good adhesion to the containers; approximately the same coefficient of expansion as the material of the containers; substantially no shrinkage or expansion on setting; resistant to Water and preferably also to alcohol; and non-porous. In the drawing the cement is fed from a reservoir. 45 through a flexible valve controlled tube 48 and laidin a band 41 upon the inner wall of the container. If the band is applied close enough to the edge of the container to flow over. the edge, the aforesaid bead of wax prevents the overflow. The cement in the reservoir 45 is kept .fiuid and prevented from settingtoo rapidly by.

r ekee o a 151- hfifimfl hll W t-"e ur st itiva eie aa eeeeteorsai tblama one orinererotauens of"the"holdr'will"irisufie tenai guarant e, jet e'IiQth' a bandJJ -OL the desired thickness. The p d'tli T'cbntalne 35 over'tlie edge of the cohtainer is now removed, and removal;ofithatiportion of the m ot ola, mhrweaness dr 'th will leave a gal) 49"'(Fig.""6') lie" clip is such that pressure on the toward tne bettomror.tnetcontaineriwnl cause p h ,T' from tlf 1 spirit area has f h ih l ff s holder 50' cbmifr'is'iiig a'inandrel carried by serialiNo fllfi Q d a rotatable shaft 52. The mandrel 5| includes M hasn'i'a'tui'ed into Pathnt No: '2136 8273. an annular head 53 which bears against the I claim: inner face of the shoulder 2| and is provided 1. For making a double walledvessel compriswith a band 54 of rubber or other resilient maing an inner container nested in an outer conterial which bears against the inner face of the no t m r with a cement s al between an outer onl p p rt n Thus th inner tain i nular surface of the inner container and an tered on the holder 5 Th rotating inner inner annular surface of the outer container,

tainer I1 is then inserted into the outer com t th whjehoomprises rotatingone eontainer, also rotating, until the shoulder 2| is gainer b t it axi flowing liquid cement on Se te m y against the edge of the Outer said annular surface of the rotating container tainer, the wax d 32 making a Substantially so as uniformly to'distribute the cement theretight seal between said shoulder and said edge on, rotating th th container b t it axis l n the line of Contact with its annular surface spaced from that of the The p 49 in the bahdvof cement allows any first container and, while the two containers are. eXCeSS trapped between the containers rotating at substantially the same velocity with -1 as they are nested- The nesting of the their axes in alignment, nesting them together containers takes place Whhe both holders 4" with said annular surfaces opposite each'other, and 59 are rotated in h direction indicated by whereby the aforesaid rotation assists in holdthe arrows 44 and 55. While it is intended that mg the cement in position while the containers both holders should travel at the same speed are being nest-em one holder preferably includes a slip connection For making a double waned vessel to avoid positive rotation of the containers at prising an inner container nested in an outer different rates and the consequent movement container with a cement seal between an outer of one container relative to the other. As shown annular Surface of the inner container and my in 7 the mandrel is so mounted on the 40 inner annular surface of the outer container, Shaft During the rotation of the nested the method which comprises rotating the outer tainers hand of Wax s3 is applied over P line container about its axis, flowing liquid cement on of joinder of the containers. A reservoir 56 ,of said inner annular surface of the rotating Wax is supported oh fl voted at its tainer so as uniformly to distribute the cement rear end on a Stud 58 and havmg a handle 59 thereon, rotating. the other container about its by which the frame is thted down from the poaxis with its annular surface spaced from that Sition in which it is holrmahy held by a spring of the outer container and, while the two conor other suitable h when handle 59 is tainers are rotating at substantially the same brought into contact with the revolving convelocity with their axes m alignment, nesting tainers the liquid flows i stream from the them together, whereby the aforesaid rotation ervoir through ah ohhce along the edge or assistsin holding the cement on said inner an-- the handle over the abutting surfaces of the nular surface while the containers are bein containers. Heating means such as the electric nested heater B2 ar pr vided to keep the wax in t 3, For making a double walled vessel compris fluid state. The wax from the reservoir 56 thus 55 mg an inner container nested in an outer com forms a band 53 which covers the crack between tainer with a cement seal between an outer anthe containers and holds the containers in the nular surface of the inner container and an telescoped positioninner annular surface of the outer container,

The tumbler l5 formed by the nested conthe method which comprises rotating one com tainers is removed from h? holders and 50 tainer about its axis while the container is tipped placed in the inverted position upon a vertically from upright position, flowing liquid cement on vibrated table This vibration and particu' said annular surface ofthe rotating container larly its upward component, causes the cement so as uniformly to distribute the cement thereon to fill the gap 49 and settle firmly into contact mtatm tn g the other container about its axis wi 3:221 i ie o th e i ri hn lz t ihe ih hzi cgg its, annular surface spaced from that of the first container and, while the two containers are roh at t h e ni hrizr i e go h d :2 5132: 322: tating at substantially the same velocity with containing the insulation 33 is completely their axes in alignment, nesting them together sealed. After the cement has set sufliciently to with Said annular surfaces o s te e h other, hold the containers in fixed position relatively whereby the aforesaid rotation assists in holdto each other the wax band 63 at the line of ing the cement in position while the containers joinder is removed by hot water or other means. are being nested.

Fig. 11 illustrates the substitution for the wax 4. For making a double walled vessel com band 63 of an adhesive strip-of tape 10 of pros u prising an inner container nested in an outercontainer with a cement seal between an outer tainer about its axis while the container is tipped 5 from upright position, flowing liquid cement on said inner annular surface of the rotating container so as uniformly to distribute the cement thereon, rotating the other container about its axis with its annular surface spaced from that Of the outer container'and, while the two containers arerotating at substantially the same velocity with their axes in alignment, nesting them together, whereby ;the aforesaid rotation assists in'holding the cement on said inner an- I" REFERENCES CITED "The following references are of record in'thv file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS,

'0 Number Name Date M 770,221 Cazin Sept. 13, 1904" 846,823 Cazin Mar. 12, 1907 2,339,221 Gulick Jan. 11, 1944' 2,368,273 Tibbetts Jan. 30, 1945 RAYMOND w. TIBBETT-Sf 

